The area covers a total land area of 132,288 km 2 (51,077 sq mi), including the Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina in the Caribbean Sea and corresponding to approximately 1/10 of the total territory of Colombia. Jamaica has a large African majority, in addition to a significant population of mixed racial background, and has minorities of Chinese, Europeans, Indians, Latinos, Jews, and Arabs. Some farmers have faced increased pressure to turn towards the cultivation of marijuana, which has a higher profit margin and fills the sizable demand for these narcotics in North America and Europe. The islands in this region include Hispaniola, Cuba, Jamaica, Cayman Island, and Puerto Rico. Caribbean Islands Region Supplement. The dozens of islands scattered across the Caribbean are a remarkably diverse lot. Thalassoma bifasciatum (bluehead wrasse fish), over Bispira brunnea (social feather duster worms). [87][88]The banana wars explained. Non-residents of the British Virgin Islands and Anguilla require special licenses in order to purchase property. These nations hoped to establish profitable colonies in the Caribbean. The United States has conducted military operations in the Caribbean and Latin America regions for at least 100 years. [15] From January 3, 1958, to May 31, 1962, there was also a short-lived political union called the West Indies Federation composed of ten English-speaking Caribbean territories, all of which were then British dependencies. Covering an area of more than a million square miles, the Caribbean Sea is one of the world's largest seas. At the time of the European discovery of most of the islands of the Caribbean, three major Amerindian indigenous peoples lived on the islands: the Taíno in the Greater Antilles, the Bahamas and the Leeward Islands, the Island Caribs and Galibi in the Windward Islands, and the Ciboney in western Cuba. Another issue of due to the cold war in the Caribbean has been the reduced economic growth of some Caribbean States due to the United States and European Union's allegations of special treatment toward the region by each other. Map of the Caribbean Islands Region, consisting of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico and the Territory of the United States Virgin Islands. As a result, there has been a significant reduction in U.S. aid and investment to the Caribbean. 11 min read • Published about 18 hours ago. Through coalition building, like the ACS and CARICOM, regionalism has become an undeniable part of the politics and economics of the Caribbean. Population: 11,263,080. Thus, the cruise industry has the ability to offer its clients a variety of cultural experiences. View more. Certain scholars have argued both for and against generalizing the political structures of the Caribbean. Some smaller states are still dependencies of European powers today. Between 1958 and 1962, most of the British-controlled Caribbean became the West Indies Federation before they separated into many separate nations. [18] This is the older of the two pronunciations, but the stressed-second-syllable variant has been established for over 75 years. [86], Farmers in the Caribbean have complained of falling profits and rising costs as the Lomé Convention weakens. The Lesser Antilles chain encloses the Caribbean Sea to the east which defines the boundary of the region. The US maintains a naval military base in Cuba at Guantanamo Bay. St. Kitts and Nevis and Barbados rank 2nd and 3rd with GDP per capita's of USD 19,935.0 and USD 18,148.2, respectively. All islands at some point were, and a few still are, colonies of European nations; a few are overseas or dependent territories: The British West Indies were united by the United Kingdom into a West Indies Federation between 1958 and 1962. Beautiful beaches are the focus of most Caribbean getaways. This type of tourism is growing on islands lacking sandy beaches and dense human populations.[69]. On the one hand, the Caribbean states are politically diverse, ranging from communist systems such as Cuba toward more capitalist Westminster-style parliamentary systems as in the Commonwealth Caribbean. The geography and climate in the Caribbean region varies: Some islands in the region have relatively flat terrain of non-volcanic origin. West Indies, crescent-shaped group of islands separating the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea, to the west and south, from the Atlantic Ocean, to the east and north. Thereafter, the United States conducted military interventions in Cuba, Haiti, and the Dominican Republic. The Caribbean region lies southeast of the Gulf of Mexico, east of Central America and north of South America. Rainfall varies with elevation, size and water currents, such as the cool upwellings that keep the ABC islands arid. However, based on proximity, these islands are sometimes grouped with the Windward Islands culturally and politically. After the Cuban Revolution of 1959, relations deteriorated rapidly leading to the Bay of Pigs Invasion, the Cuban Missile Crisis, and successive US attempts to destabilize the island, based upon Cold War fears of the Soviet threat. [12] When European colonization followed the arrival of Columbus, the population was quickly decimated by brutal labour practices, enslavement and disease and on many islands, Europeans supplanted the native populations with enslaved Africans. [78] Other religions in the region are Hinduism, Islam, Judaism, Rastafari, Buddhism, Chinese folk religion (incl. Experience a faster way to fill out and sign forms on the web. This multi-racial mix of the Caribbean has created sub-ethnicities that often straddle the boundaries of major ethnicities and include Mulatto-Creole, Mestizo, Pardo, Zambo, Dougla, Chindian, Afro-Asians, Eurasian, Cocoa panyols, and Asian Latinos. Seasonal rainfall is divided into 'dry' and 'wet' seasons, with the latter six months of the year being wetter than the first half. The Caribbean islands have some of the most diverse ecosystems in the world. Both sides now feature the whole Caribbean island chain with the Bahamas, most of Central America and the north shore of South America. Possibly one of the most well-known Caribbean islands among Brits, this “paradise island” is actually an archipelago of islands made from coral. [citation needed] Immigrants from Great Britain, Italy, France, Spain, the Netherlands, Portugal and Denmark also arrived, although the mortality rate was high for both groups. 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