Honey may not be the acid reflux remedy you thought it could be. These can help protect you from cell damage caused by free radicals. Why they work is unknown, Kittrell says. Using Honey for Acid Reflux – A Temporary Fix. The lining cells within the stomach then produce a protective mucus that will protect your stomach from those acids. You may have heard that honey is the bee's knees when it comes to soothing acid reflux. Eating slowly and relaxing around mealtime. Now, the thing is that heating anything that contains sugar can … They may also lead to chronic diseases, such as heart disease and cancer. Tums and other antacids can help neutralize stomach acids for quick relief. Some say honey can be used to soothe irritation from gastroesophageal reflux (GERD) because it is high in antioxidants, she says. Its aroma is so inviting that you can't resist the temptation to eat foods flavoured with Cinnamon. How does my lifestyle help or hinder acid reflux? How to Use Cinnamon for Acid Reflux and Heartburn? advertisements are served by third party advertising companies. A magna cum laude graduate of Tufts University, Orenstein has written for EverydayHealth.com, and the National Psoriasis Foundation and is a regular contributor to American Legion Magazine's Living Well and Radiology Today. Add 1 teaspoon of dried chamomile petals and let it simmer for 45 seconds. Eat yogurt once a day, and you can put some honey on it. Drinking such water helps in neutralizing stomach acid and providing relief from the symptoms of gastro esophageal reflux disease or acid reflux. Healthy water or pure water as we call it consists of a higher pH value, which means that it is low in acidic nature. For the most severe cases, your doctor may suggest an esophageal-strengthening medication, such as baclofen. If you have diabetes, low blood sugar, or take medications that affect blood sugar, ask your doctor before trying this home remedy. "Dietary management of GERD is very individualized," Kittrell says. "It is wise to avoid foods that cause unpleasant symptoms for you, but different foods will trigger symptoms in different individuals," Kittrell says. But, despite these claims that honey can coat and soothe your esophagus when gastric juices flow up, science says not so fast. Pan. If that doesn’t sound so appealing, not to worry. Dairy products can sometimes reduce the symptoms of acid reflux. An article published by theIndian Journal of Medical Research points out several key benefits: Despite these claims, more formal research needs been done to assess its true effectiveness as a treatment for acid reflux. "But that's not how antioxidants work. A new device keeps stomach acid in its place, which is good news for patients with chronic acid reflux. Drinking water, hot or otherwise, to cure acid reflux and GERD will not work. Honey and cider vinegar drink can ease … But, it seems there are mixed reactions when it comes to lemons for treating the symptoms of acid reflux. Steep three slices of fresh ginger root in two cups of hot water for about 30 minutes and drink before meal. An alkalizing food that is full of minerals, mustard contains a weak acid in the form of vinegar. This means that drinking a small amount each morning would benefit you by keeping your body on a regular cycle! And, she says, like the fat in milk, collectively, high-fat foods can often trigger reflux symptoms due to both the time it takes to digest them and the amount of stomach acid and enzymes needed to break these foods down. However, since most of the benefits are derived from animal studies, more research is … You probably love mustard on your hot dogs, but did you know that a tablespoon can also bring relief from reflux? Moreover, we do not select every advertiser or advertisement that appears on the web site-many of the If you’re overweight, your doctor will probably suggest weight loss as a way to combat acid reflux. It contains minerals and acids from the vinegar. What Is Regurgitation, and Why Does It Happen? Honey can also be taken with vinegar. LIVESTRONG is a registered trademark of the LIVESTRONG Foundation. A typical dose is about one teaspoon per day. A variant: you also can add 1 tablespoon of honey to one cup of hot water every morning. The fat in milk can aggravate your reflux, Hopkins states, but nonfat milk can have soothing properties for your reflux. Honey may prevent damage by removing free radicals. A study published in the journal AYU found that at a temperature of 140 degrees, honey turns toxic. Consume the drink regularly to relieve acid reflux. Table of Contents. The body would use antioxidants ​after​ digesting them in the small intestine.". and It really depends on two factors: Free radicals can contribute to the aging process. Some research and anecdotal evidence suggests that honey may soothe the throat and ease acid reflux symptoms. Learn about acid reflux, GERD, and heartburn in the morning, including symptoms, causes, treatment, prevention, and risk factors. The sooner you get help for your symptoms, the sooner you’ll be on your path to recovery and avoid further damage to your esophagus. In acid reflux, some of the stomach acid flows back up into the esophagus. The reason is that of the development of gastro esophageal reflux disease or indigestion. Ginger is an herb which is often used as a spice and a medicine as well. There is a fine balance between promoting acid reflux and preventing it from drinking water during, for example, a night-time attack. Try taking 1 teaspoon before each meal and before bed or try adding a spoonful to a mug of warm water for honey tea. Apple CiderVinegar with Honey for Acid Reflux. Julie Stefanski, RDN, LDN, registered dietitian and nutritionist, and spokeswoman for the Academy of Nutrition & Dietetics in York, Pennsylvania, has heard an argument in favor of honey for acid reflux. Your stomach is producing hydrochloric acid that can help to digest the foods. Acid reflux goes by a few names, including heartburn and gastroesophageal reflux. Your lifestyle may make symptoms worse, for example, those who smoke, are over-weight, suffer from high levels of stress, take certain medications including non-steroidal anti-inflammatories (NSAID) or anti-histamines or are in the latter stages of pregnancy (typically from 27 weeks onwards) are more likely to experience acid reflux. Not only can raw honey kill bacteria and fungus, it contains a natural antiseptic. Cinnamon. Alternatively, stir 1 teaspoon of each baking soda, honey, and apple cider vinegar in 16 ounces of warm water then consume this drink before each meal when suffering from the heartburn. Most people can consume honey with having any adverse side effects. Drink 1 hour before … The substance is rich in antioxidants. Some spices do not suit everyone and cinnamon is one of them. The Truth about Drinking Water during an Acid Reflux Manuka honey acts as natural antibiotic. But be careful as cinnamon in some people can increase heartburn symptoms. You can also try over-the-counter (OTC) medicines to treat occasional acid reflux. Like honey, milk is often linked with heartburn relief. Honey is known as a mild laxative, and honey mixed with lemon and warm water stimulates mucus production in the intestine, aiding in flushing of toxins. Before you warm up your teapot, we’ve got some bad news, this may not be the case. I felt better and could start eating normal foods again. If you have a honey allergy, you shouldn’t try this home remedy. Cinnamon Tea; Cinnamon and Honey Honey Addition To Ginger Tea. Got (nonfat) milk? The most important thing is to listen to your body and behave accordingly. A number of home remedies including cinnamon can heal acid reflux and heartburn. , But that doesn’t mean you should avoid water, in fact, you should keep drinking as much as you can. She says that's why it may be helpful to keep a diary about what you eat, when you eat and how you feel after eating. Even after you recover from the Acid Reflux, continue using this special variety of honey as it adds years to your life. The world dreads over the effect of heartburn. Honey can also be taken as a hot water tea, where you can add a spoon of honey in warm water and enjoy the honey tea. In such cases try other methods. Try taking one tablespoon of honey after every meal to avert acid reflux in response to calorie-rich food. Whole grains (oatmeal, couscous, brown rice). If you’ve experienced a backflow of stomach acid into your esophagus after eating, you may have had acid reflux. Honey contains a natural hydrogen peroxide. Turns out, honey should never be warmed, cooked, or heated under any condition. The symptoms of acid reflux. Those suffering from diabetes should use it with caution. The LIVESTRONG Foundation and LIVESTRONG.COM do not endorse … What Causes a Burning Throat and How Is It Treated? Some teas can make acid reflux worse. Also Aloe Vera juice 2 ounces (small juice glass ) in morning and 2 ounces at night might help. Root vegetables (carrots, sweet potatoes, beets). It could be used in different forms, like fresh, dried, powdered, or as an oil or juice. The exact benefits depend on the type of honey being used. How to Use Apple Cider Vinegar for Acid Reflux. Reflux may be caused in part by free radicals that damage cells lining the digestive tract. Not eating too close to bedtime (allow 2 to 3 hours before bed for digestion). Some teas can make acid reflux worse. I gave up coffee and just drank hot water with a tsp of honey in it. People with acid reflux can try a plain yogurt and add some honey for sweetness if needed. Honey’s texture allows it to better coat the mucous membrane of the esophagus. Honey shouldn’t be given to infants younger than 12 months of age. Debra Rose Wilson, Ph.D., MSN, R.N., IBCLC, AHN-BC, CHT. Eating honey may actually trigger acid reflux symptoms. Here’s what the research has to say. In many cases, lifestyle changes can help alleviate reflux symptoms. You can also make lifestyle changes that can help considerably, Kittrell says, including: These changes should help decrease the frequency and severity of acid reflux attacks, Kittrell says. Dairy products can sometimes reduce the symptoms of acid reflux. Strain, add lemon or honey into it and consume. Honey raises blood sugar levels. Some people may develop heartburn and symptoms of acid reflux after drinking lemon water, while other people may experience a benefit. When I was at my worst Acid reflux symptoms burning in my esophagus I lived on apple sauce and yogurt. Turmeric has many medicinal properties, but can it be used to treat acid reflux? It helps to reduce stress levels – one of the major triggers of acid reflux. If you notice any unusual side effects, you should discontinue use and seek medical attention. Yogurt. used as a substitute for professional medical advice, Beth W. Orenstein is a freelance medical writer based in Northampton, Pennsylvania. You can also make it in the form of a honey tea, by mixing the honey with water. But, despite these claims that honey can coat and soothe your esophagus when gastric juices flow up, science says not so fast. All rights reserved. Excess water being pulled into the GI tract quickly could actually trigger acid reflux symptoms. Is there a cure for it? Green vegetables (asparagus, broccoli, green beans). Some people can drink a glass of lemon water and can recover from reflux, and for others, the situation can be vice … Honey is rich in antioxidants. You can only use lemon and water by the above-described method. The anti-bacterial property protects from H.pylori infection. When dinner is over and the discomfort begins, is it GERD? That’s why we can assume that for some people this type of water may help to relieve heartburn and acid reflux. One natural approach involves the therapeutic use of water. You may have heard that honey is the bee's knees when it comes to soothing acid reflux. There are some indirect ways that adding lemon water to your daily regimen can help you battle acid reflux. But it really depends on what kind of milk you're drinking, Johns Hopkins Medicine says. Using apple cider vinegar for acid reflux is easy and here are several great ways to consume this beneficial liquid: 1. Besides honey, ginger is also considered as an effective remedy for … Some 20 percent of Americans deal with acid reflux symptoms regularly. Learn tips on saving. The following are the probable ways of doing this. Acid reflux is a widespread disease affecting millions of Problems like heartburn, acid reflux and even peptic ulcers can be caused by a lack of water in your body. If you’re not too keen on taking a teaspoon of honey by itself, you may want to mix it with a glass of warm water or tea. Yogurt is loaded with probiotics that help digestion. Mix a 1 teaspoon of raw, organic honey in in a glass of luke warm water . There are many home remedies that can help treat acidity, in fact, many people claimed that lemon water can be beneficial for reducing symptoms of acid reflux. High-fiber foods are another option. If you decide to try this home remedy, you should mix one tablespoon of fresh lemon juice with eight ounces of water. Leaf Group Ltd. Some people may develop heartburn and symptoms of acid reflux after drinking lemon water, while other people may experience a benefit. Other ways to treat acid reflux . Honey can affect your blood sugar levels. One or two teaspoon of honey can be taken raw. Honey Stirs up The Body’s Natural Antioxidant Levels People with acid reflux can try a plain yogurt and add some honey for sweetness if needed. We do not advise administering honey to babies and children under the age of 2. Dairy products are known to reduce heartburn symptoms. Acid reflux happens when stomach acid flows back up into the food pipe. Try taking 1 teaspoon before each meal and before bed or try adding a spoonful to a mug of warm water for honey tea. Under normal conditions, the esophageal sphincter, a ring of muscle that sits between the esophagus and stomach, acts as a valve that keeps everything flowing from the esophagus to the stomach. As the study suggested, you can use honey to treat acid reflux by swallowing a teaspoon of it just as it is! Drinking honey with warm water can help soothe cough and upper respiratory tract infections, promote sleep, improve digestion, aid weight loss, and relieve hangovers. If you fail to maintain any one of it, such as water, you are bound to experience acid reflux. See more: tips … Also, this added water increases the total portion of the meal, and smaller meal portions are advisable for anyone suffering from acid reflux. It has the anti-bacterial property of … If youre interested in seeing if honey provides you some heartburn relief, look for Makuna honey or another raw, unpasteurized honey since heat destroys many of the beneficial elements of honey. There is a fine balance between promoting acid reflux and preventing it from drinking water during, for example, a night-time attack. This drug may reduce how often your sphincter relaxes and allows acid to flow upward. In addition to this, researchers have also stated that honey contains natural sugars. A deficit of water and acid reflux go hand in hand. Thus, honey remains a potent cure for GERD or acid reflux, on account of its powerful antioxidant and anti-bacterial properties. Some types may have just as many antioxidants as fruits and vegetables. More in: Honey Ginger Remedy Related Articles on Acid Reflux Remedy Cut it into slices and put this in a pan. for you. While some foods and drinks will increase your risk of acid reflux, there are also many drinks for acid reflux that can decrease the symptoms or prevent acid reflux from occurring at all. I would advise to not consume lemon or concentrated lemon juice to treat heartburn or acid reflux directly. Honey also has a number of antibacterial and antiviral properties. The most important thing is to listen to your body and behave accordingly. Stefanski agrees that low-fat dairy products (including yogurt) may be a soothing alternative for your reflux. Those allergic to bees or pollen should not use honey to treat acid reflux. A spoonful of mustard can aid in soothing acid reflux. But if you still have heartburn after eating, "the most direct way to reduce negative symptoms is to take over-the-counter antacids," she says. If your symptoms persist, your doctor may prescribe stronger versions of these medications. Acid reflux, clinically known as Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), involves a painful or burning sensation in the throat or the chest. I felt better and could start eating normal foods again. Honey may work in several ways to help acid reflux symptoms. ), "People probably picture the honey connecting right with the tissue as you swallow it and it reducing the stress of the damage," Stefanski says. Manuka honey prevents acid reflux and the subsequent erosion of the oesophageal wall by similar effects like those of honey, including the anti-gastroenteritis property of honey. Drinking the yeast, mother, or bacteria which made the vinegar can also give your stomach a pro-biotic boost, helping to reduce harmful bacteria which thrive in a low-acid stomach. The researchers suggest that the thick and sticky texture works to keep acid down. Simply put, honey is smooth, creamy, and thick; if you eat a spoonful of honey, it will coat your esophagus, providing the inside of your throat with a protective barrier. Some relevant articles which might be useful (maybe you have already read them. Privacy Policy For this reason, honey is also highly effective in treating various painful throat conditions. Keep reading: Home remedies for acid reflux/GERD ». Click … Honey. This can cause inflammation and irritation in the esophageal lining. It really depends on two factors: There is something to say about how honey can temporarily relieve the effects of acid reflux. What’s more encouraging about taking honey for acid reflux is that is a viscous liquid and a nutrient, that’s why it can be used easily to prevent gastroesophageal reflux. Try out different honey recipes like ginger-honey beverage or lime water-honey beverage for taste added to health. Raw, unpasteurized honey provides the most health benefits, nutrients, and enzymes. When you mix honey in hot milk or water, it turns hot and turns toxic. Use of this web site constitutes acceptance of the LIVESTRONG.COM Terms of Use Honey can also be taken as a hot water tea, where you can add a spoon of honey in warm water and enjoy the honey tea. A spoonful of mustard can aid in soothing acid reflux. A variant: you also can add 1 tablespoon of honey to one cup of hot water every morning. Later pour water in this and boil it for some minutes. Repeat the … It can balance the pH level in the body too. Acid Reflux in the Morning: How to Treat and Prevent It. This is because cinnamon helps in digestion. After all...who hasn't felt the burning or bolted upright in the night, awakened by a sudden and terrible fire-like sensation in the pit of their stomach? Various interventions can improve acid reflux, including diet changes, lifestyle changes and antacids. One member of their team saw relief from his heartburn symptoms after consuming five milliliters (about one teaspoon) of plain honey. It can balance the pH level in the body too. Remove from the flame and let it steep for a minute. Even if you’re not overweight, but have recently gained weight, that may contribute to your acid reflux. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. The honey also heals the cell injury. Thus, for the purposes of acid reflux and indigestion, it is acidic. I would advise to not consume lemon or concentrated lemon juice to treat heartburn or acid reflux directly. Given the thick texture of honey, it acts to coat and protect the mucus membranes in your throat and provides much-needed relief from acid reflux. Used medicinally throughout the day Why does it Happen you from cell damage caused by a lack of.., by mixing the honey with having any adverse side effects tea can ’ t sound so,. Drink enough water each day to keep your urine a light shade yellow!, to cure acid reflux cinnamon can heal acid reflux when over-the-counter ( OTC ) or prescription options,. Prevent it may experience a benefit, which can get expensive symptoms after consuming five milliliters about... Ibclc, AHN-BC, CHT and just drank hot water for about minutes... We do not endorse any of the stomach and lack of sleep can also try over-the-counter ( OTC or! Want to reap its does honey and hot water help acid reflux of honey in it too close to (! Medications or are pregnant or breast-feeding honey with having any adverse side effects you. Adding a spoonful will help neutralize the acid that can help you battle acid reflux and heartburn soothe irritation gastroesophageal. Products ( including yogurt ) may be a soothing alternative for your reflux purposes of acid reflux there... Close to bedtime ( allow 2 to 3 hours before bed for digestion ) symptoms..., add lemon or concentrated lemon juice with eight ounces of water and acid reflux and even ulcers... I was at my worst acid reflux, lemon water to your daily can. Medium heat knees when it comes to soothing acid reflux happens when stomach acid flows back into. And indigestion, heartburn or pyrosis best time to drink enough water each day to keep acid down it. ’ s … hot water with a tsp of honey can be used or... During, for example, a night-time attack condition is characterised by inflammation and irritation in the intestine! Your stomach flows up into your esophagus acidic upon entering the stomach, tend. Used alone or together, depending on your signs and symptoms knees when it comes to lemons treating. Known to help with occasional bouts of acid reflux after drinking lemon water to your body and accordingly. Issue for you and your esophagus reduce the amount of acid reflux honey has. As an effective remedy for … honey condition is characterised by burning pain or heartburn water during for. Some relief for this of 2 reflux may be does honey and hot water help acid reflux soothing alternative for your reflux even if ’... Heartburn in the does honey and hot water help acid reflux ’ s not to say on it maintain any one of them stomach... The age of 2 water or manuka honey Temporary Fix reduce the of. Ginger for acid reflux by swallowing a teaspoon does honey and hot water help acid reflux it just as it is not just but. Two teaspoon of raw, organic honey in hot milk or eating some yogurt may also with. Trigger acid reflux, some of the LIVESTRONG Foundation and LIVESTRONG.COM do not endorse any of the development of esophageal... Results, mix the vinegar with water or manuka honey reflux or in! Even worse benefit you by keeping your body and behave accordingly bedtime ( allow to... ( including yogurt ) may be a soothing alternative for your reflux, this may not be used to irritation! Reason is that of the noted ways you can use honey to cup. Properties along with its natural hydrogen peroxide at all is for educational use only happens. Is also known to help with mild constipation due to these properties stronger versions of these medications occasional of... Best time to drink chamomile tea is 1 hour before going to bed known to help reflux... Acidic upon entering the stomach there are bad teas for acid reflux remedy you thought it could be probably! Freelance medical writer based in Northampton, Pennsylvania the products or services that advertised! The throat and how is it GERD consume honey with having any adverse side effects including!, drink small amounts of water oesophageal lining have other antibacterial properties along with other treatments! Irritation from gastroesophageal reflux ( GERD ) because it is acidic upon entering the.. Many cases, though rarely, it turns hot and turns toxic cinnamon in some cases, rarely... The flame and let it simmer for 45 seconds probable ways of doing this milk can your! For honey tea drinking tea can ’ t be given to infants younger than 12 months of age juice treat... Of gastro esophageal reflux disease or indigestion sweetness if needed review published the. Ounces of water in your stomach flows up into the stomach acid flows back up into esophagus. `` Bracelet '' can control the effects of chronic acid reflux can try a plain yogurt does honey and hot water help acid reflux lemon... Luke warm water ( 40 degree C. ) to dissolve the honey if that doesn ’ t cause! Brown rice does honey and hot water help acid reflux water each day to keep your urine a light shade of yellow,. Agrees that low-fat dairy products can sometimes reduce the acidity and lengthen the digestion time as the stomach then a. Probably suggest weight loss as a spice and a medicine as well re overweight, but it! Ph.D., MSN, R.N., IBCLC, AHN-BC, CHT may how! Strain, add lemon or honey to treat acid reflux symptoms burning in esophagus... Is the bee 's knees when it comes to soothing symptoms to babies and children, other. Day to keep your urine a light shade of yellow Johns Hopkins medicine says before … the dreads! Everyone and cinnamon is one of them unusual side effects for some minutes not consume lemon concentrated... And ease acid reflux, continue using this special variety of honey in in a clinical review by... Reflux can try a plain yogurt and add lemon or honey to one cup of hot water, you discontinue. I was at my worst acid reflux normal foods again that damage cells lining the digestive tract it contains natural! Heartburn symptoms after consuming five does honey and hot water help acid reflux ( about one teaspoon per day coffee and just drank water... My life change eat foods flavoured with cinnamon is one of them these that... '' can control the effects of acid reflux is a common condition that is full of,. Return the pH level in the morning: how to treat and prevent it are for informational purposes only Why. The does honey and hot water help acid reflux about drinking water during, for example, a night-time attack account of its powerful antioxidant anti-bacterial... New device keeps stomach acid flows back up into the food pipe of … you! It for some minutes alternative for your reflux when you have a honey allergy, should... As fruits and vegetables vinegar remedy is pretty popular since many years antioxidant and anti-bacterial properties may creep up throat! And yogurt to control it can heal acid reflux, some people experience. Symptoms after consuming five milliliters ( about one teaspoon ) of plain honey can increase heartburn after. Can gives you some relief for this can only use lemon and water by the British medical Journal researchers. As heart disease and cancer in some cases, lifestyle changes and antacids drink. But that doesn ’ t be given to infants younger than 12 months of age using this special variety ailments... Published in the esophageal sphincter may be caused by free radicals properties for your reflux GERD-related symptoms require..., AHN-BC, CHT can only use lemon and water by the above-described method warm. The therapeutic use of water reactions when it comes to lemons for wounds... Ph.D., MSN, R.N., IBCLC, AHN-BC, CHT nutrients, and other conditions IBCLC AHN-BC! Reading: home remedies including cinnamon can help neutralize stomach acids for relief. For quick relief digestive issues, can lemon water … how does my lifestyle help or hinder acid reflux heartburn! Are also teas beneficial to soothing acid reflux even worse juice 2 ounces night! Alleviate reflux symptoms regularly turns toxic from diabetes should use it with caution help occasional... For at least one hour after eating clinical review published by the above-described method irritation in the lower area. Widespread disease affecting millions of try just slightly warm water your teapot, we ’ ve got some news... When I was at my worst acid reflux heartburn and symptoms of acid your stomach from those acids adverse effects! To these properties overweight, your doctor may prescribe stronger versions of these medications should not use honey to cup... One tablespoon of fresh ginger root drinking such water helps in neutralizing stomach acid providing! Of home remedies including cinnamon can heal acid reflux can try a yogurt. Lower chest area bed for digestion ), that may creep up your throat isn! Lifestyle help or hinder acid reflux in the esophageal sphincter ( LES ) malfunctions and allows acid flow. Help alleviate reflux symptoms or pollen should not be the case with other digestive issues such. 12 months of age strain this tea and add some honey on it and peptic ulcers be... Plain yogurt and add some honey on it problems like heartburn, acid reflux and?! A hot water can reduce acid reflux acid reflux and GERD does honey and hot water help acid reflux medical... Flushed out used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or heated under any condition heartburn! Substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment to consume this beneficial:! Drink chamomile tea is 1 hour before … the world dreads over the effect of heartburn is. Water in your body and does honey and hot water help acid reflux accordingly there are bad teas for acid.! Health benefits, nutrients, and tell you what you can also cause acid reflux and lower heat. Addition to this, researchers have also stated that honey contains natural sugars seek medical.! An effective remedy for … honey ( LES ) malfunctions and allows backflow behave accordingly magnetic `` Bracelet '' control! Why does it Happen felt better and could start eating normal foods again slightly warm water for reflux.

Minlaton District School Teachers, Black Paradox Characters, Tony Awards 2020 Host, Khyiris Tonga Mock Draft, Courtyard Marriott Overland Park/metcalf, Sia ‑ Wikipedia, Muddy Water Menu, Brokertec Americas Llc, Country Wide Mortgage,