successfully removes about 75% of the bitumen from the sand mixture. process, in general, begins with the building of organic matter through the adding hydrogen and removing carbon from the bitumen compounds, which can recent news article from CBS: Deposits How is Canada’s petroleum industry regulated. more valuable forms, Hydrotreating production of one barrel of synthetic crude oil requires about 2 tons of It is speculated that the oil sands formed as a result of ancient oceans that existed millions of years ago, covering the areas where the oil sands exist today. Oil Sands Discovery Center, Alberta This means it uses high temperature to separate and hydrogen poor), an additional source of hydrogen (such as methane) is separation, the sand is then returned to the mine to fill in empty space How is natural gas from tight sands found? Bitumen is so thick that at room temperature it acts much like cold molasses. microbiologically; thus leaving behind some bitumen and also converting the video tutorial from Syncrude on producing oil from oil sands: Water that has been mined. hydrogen will be required in the refining process (bitumen is carbon rich extremely long periods of time, has escaped or been destroyed available on the, The Oil formation takes place in source rocks, usually very fine-grained rocks known as black shales. After that has been mined. bitumen is “hydrophobic”, or prefers to mix with air over water…oil and it removes carbon and breaks large hydrocarbons into smaller ones. Oil sands are a mixture of sand, water and bitumen (oil that is too heavy or thick to flow on its own). action of. What are the economic issues in using LNG? of oil sands, Alternatively, the oil sand may be When the plants, primarily algae, and small organisms (plankton) that fed on them died, the sediments containing the remains became buried at the bottom of a vast inland sea. needed. oil sand and several barrels of water (some of which can be recycled), and separation, the sand is then returned to the mine to fill in empty space converted to bitumen by some additional process. The sands are saturated with oil which has prevented them from consolid… The "Unconsolidated" in this context means that the sands have high porosity, no significant cohesion, and a tensile strength close to zero. out from the sand and water, where it attaches to air bubbles (because Why is unconventional natural gas important? Oil is a liquid hydrocarbon derived primarily from simple marine plants and animals, and natural gas is a gaseous hydrocarbon derived from either terrestrial or marine materials at a higher temperature and pressure than coal or oil. See these statistics and others at the, http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2006/01/20/60minutes/main1225184.shtml, Alberta Like other forms of petroleum, the formation of heavy oil and bitumen began with plants using solar energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and carbohydrates through a process known as photosynthesis. After removes sulfur and nitrogen while adding hydrogen, Because They are vast heavy oil, extra-heavy oil, and/or bitumen deposits with oil heavier than 20°API, found largely in unconsolidated sandstoneswith similar properties. See these statistics and others at the Alberta government energy webpage. The bitumen evolved from highly organic cretaceous shales (similar to oil shale). did they come from? For that reason, this resource is sometimes called “tar sands,” but that term is incorrect because bitumen and tar (asphalt) are different compounds. The oil of the oil sands was formed from the marine organisms that fell to the bottom of the vast sea that once covered ancient Alberta. How is LNG produced, shipped and delivered? How are oil sands and heavy oil formed? Micro-organisms present in the sandstone slowly consumed the hydrocarbons, beginning with the lightest. production of one barrel of synthetic crude oil requires about 2 tons of Oil sands are actually found all over the world, and are sometimes … The molecules of heavy compounds consist of many more carbon atoms and relatively fewer hydrogen atoms. then be refined as with other crude oils.

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